Applying the “Goldilocks Rule” to Riparian Buffer Widths for Forested Headwater Streams across the Contiguous U.S.—How Much Is “Just Right”?

Delineating riparian management zones (RMZ) around streams to protect ecological functions is critical during forest management. This study compared the area dedicated RMZ using USFS functional-based buffer approach versus individual state-defined allocation strategies along headwater across 17 states within US. The method uses a variable-width that seeks capture of area. Our sought contrast this with various guidelines. functional delineated highest percentages watershed in most watersheds, sometimes >20% forestland, whereas state guidelines <10% forestland many watersheds. Although failed identify variable widths areas, some watersheds Great Lakes over-allocated as when delineation. topographic and composition differences observed were not represented by their respective guidelines, these variables strongly influence delineation RMZ.